Signatory metabolomics biomarkers of stress, anxiety, and depression: a proof of concept for precision health among university students: A cross-sectional study

Purpose: The highly competitive nature of tertiary education and the pressure to perform academically have increased psychological morbidity like emotional distress. Untargeted metabolomics was used analyze serum samples university students for biomarkers perturbated metabolism due stress, anxiety, depression (SAD).Methods: Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale 21 (DASS-21) assess severity SAD in students. metabolite fingerprint each subject obtained using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry quadrupole time-of-flight (LC/MS QTOF). signature metabolites trait were determined by projections latent structures discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) with variable importance projection (VIP) score > 1.0 (P<0.05) subjected area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). Potential an (AUC) value exceeding 0.65 identified.Results: Various groups glycerophospholipids upregulated studied traits. On other hand, such as glycocholic acid depression, while hypoxanthine PE-Cer(d14:1(4E)/22:1(13Z)) stress.Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is first study relationship differentially expressed different categories DASS-21 screening tool Malaysia we move forward precision health.